Ignored the cushion not only affects the value-added enhancement of sports shoes, bring inconvenience to the customer; and limit the in-depth development of China's footwear industry, the impact of China's footwear industry's position in the world, obstacles to high-end products the march.
Classified by material
Different materials for the cushion performance is great. At present, the most commonly used air cushion material polyurethane (PU) polyvinyl chloride (PVC), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). The following describes the polyurethane insole cushion and polyurethane Blow Molding cushion, the PVC soft cushion and hard PVC cushion, the trombone cushion of thermoplastic polyurethane and thermoplastic polyurethane filling of oil cushion its advantages and performance.
◆ polyurethane (pu)
The overall performance of the polyurethane material is very good. Not only high strength, high elasticity, high compressive strength, excellent tear resistance, abrasion resistance, resistance to oxygen and ozone, solvent (non-polar solvent such as hexane, heptane, paraffin oil, the polar solvent polyurethane almost no effect, even under high temperature conditions, the swelling of the polyurethane in the non-polar solvent is also very small), and the light quality, lightweight design makes sense for shoes. However, the the polyurethane water resistance is poor, and high internal heat.
Polyurethane insole cushion hidden cushion, fixed between the insole and midsole. The overall thickness of the cushion is thinner, the internal pressure is smaller, less demanding sports shoes are generally used for shock absorption design. Such as golf shoes, badminton shoes, etc., belonging to hide does not leak air-cushion design.
Blow molding polyurethane cushion, air cushion is currently the most widely used and most well-known brands such as Nike air cushion series of sports shoes cushion almost all polyurethane cushion. It can be different according to the site of use, to stress the different functions and the specific situation of the wearer's age and designed as a type of internal pressure, different structures, different thicknesses and different colors, different damping effect is reached and the type of energy regression function, and echoes the design of the other parts of the sneakers to achieve visual effects and sensory effects synchronized.
◆ polyvinyl chloride (pvc)
PVC wide raw material sources, low cost production technology is mature, and different according to the type and amount of additives, the additives added to produce a transparent and opaque products, as well as the type of hard and soft products, and therefore the change of the color changes in the color of shoes can quickly echoed. But PVC low impact strength, heat distortion, resilience than polyurethane.
PVC soft cushion series, with thermoplastic polyurethane Laguan series in the design and use of the site has similarities, and more for heel design different color patterns, used to double income to achieve the feeling effects and visual effects.
PVC hard cushion series, with harder PVC material, designed to be multi-colored cushion resistance to compression. Generally used for the heel shape similar cellular structure.
◆ thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)
The thermoplastic polyurethane is first discovered both rubber elastic characteristics, but also has plasticity plastic polymer materials having excellent physical and mechanical properties, such as tensile strength, elongation are higher. Its chemical structure and Shore hardness, tensile strength, from about 25 MPa to 70 MPa, the lower soft (Shore A70 to 85), hard (Shore 50 to 83) Tensile strength higher; good tear resistance, flexibility in a wide temperature range; excellent wear resistance and puncture resistance; resistance to crack growth is the best of all thermoplastic materials; resistance to longitudinal bending strength high and low temperature impact strength; resilience and good cut resistance; good oil resistance and weathering resistance, especially for diesel lubricating oil for mineral oil at room temperature; yellowing under the action of ultraviolet light, but the impact on performance is not adding some UV absorbers can reduce the yellowing; acid-base more sensitive and susceptible to erosion, test its performance can be used for simulation immersion test. In addition, like all thermoplastics, thermoplastic polyurethane can be recycled, adding a small amount of waste in the new thermoplastic polyurethane, and will not have any impact on the quality of the product.
The the thermoplastic polyurethane Laguan cushion, mainly through the excellent physical and mechanical properties of the thermoplastic polyurethane, springback high performance, puncture resistance, resistance to crack growth performance, and high impact strength. Used in the heel general trombone cushion production the damping function significantly. And the colors can be a variety of changes, a variety of effects to the visual effects of the sneakers icing on the cake.
Thermoplastic polyurethane filling of oil cushion, the image of the point it should be called "liquid cushion", but because its function is shock absorption, so classified in a class of air-cushion, oil resistance and high flexibility of the thermoplastic polyurethane. Commonly used for shock absorption and stability of the foot at the heel of the flank parts flip.
Classification according to the structure using the site
◆ full charge of air
Outsole outline, the outline window exposed full charge of air, combined with the large bottom edge of the gas chamber at a thickness of about 10-20mm, wall thickness of 1-1.4mm, soft, high elasticity; middle part of the thickness of the gas chamber. small, about 2-6mm, poor flexibility, since the role of support beams; intermediate thickness of the solid portion of about 2-3mm, which links role. Forefoot at the thinnest thickness of 10 mm, followed by the thickest thickness for 20mm, the entire cushion is a wedge-shaped structure from the heel to the forefoot. Hide the edge of the full charge of air thickness of 1-1.2mm, the thickness of the air chamber is generally 2-4mm, the thickness of the solid portion is generally the same as the thickness of the edge 1-1.2mm.
WINDOW series structure, there are the following three kinds:
1, the edge of the gas chamber as a unitary structure;
2, the edge of the chamber is disconnected from the metatarsophalangeal joints of three chamber;
Metatarsophalangeal joint and flank parts are disconnected, the entire edge is divided into six chamber, the lumbar fossa gas chamber thickest, can reach 23mm, to either damping can play a supportive stabilizing effect.
◆ semi-palm cushion
Metatarsophalangeal joints to heel, the thickness of the lumbar fossa chamber is the thickest part of the whole air-cushion design features with full charge of air is the same from the stabilizing effect of cushioning and support. Lumbar fossa chamber thickness 20-25mm, the heel is generally 18-20mm, the middle part and the solid part of the design size with the size of the full charge of air.
◆ heel cushion
Followed by an air cushion structure, shapes, rich colors, is the most common air-cushion design. Common shapes are the following:
1, similar to the overall shape of the human foot, the palm, the type of the respective structural section for details Change: edge portion of the tube a gas chamber, the intermediate portion are solid; overall as a homogeneous gas chamber, only in the intermediate portion of placement of a few solid circular, oval, semi-circular or other shapes of solid portion; full charge of air from the lumbar fossa disconnect the rest of the design are the same; for the remaining part of the design similar to the serrated edge of the gas chamber design similar air-cushion design; just a thin air bags, followed by a shape-like no other embellishment is a hidden air-cushion design.
2, the projector down similar to the shape of a rectangle: both sides of the larger thickness of the gas chamber, and is generally 15-20mm, wall thickness for the 1-1.2 mm; the intermediate plenum ships for 3 to 6 mm in thickness, the wall thickness of 1.2-1.5 mm; solid portion for 2-3mm thick. Entire air-cushion like a rectangular airbags, the same as the thickness of the middle and on both sides of the gas chamber, the wall thickness is the same, and communicating with both sides of the gas chamber, there is no solid part of the connection; shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, the design and usage are the same below ovate cushion .
, Oval cushion: followed by the sides or flank parts, each shoe heel with a two flank parts. Specific structural changes in the following two types:
①, the middle of the air-cushion uniform distribution of two to three column, the main damping rebound effect of implementation is also rely on several column;
② entire cushion through the cylindrical chamber connected by two airbags, and no column.
4, the tubular air cushion: the trombone process, material generally used polyvinyl chloride, and thermoplastic polyurethane, the color varies according to their needs change, you can use the transparent effect, matte effect Disc effects, etc., the type of shape and length, respectively for the type of parts, such as around the entire circumference of the the forefoot both sides, on both sides of the heel or heel.
5, oval cushion: window and hidden two designs, window design column, hidden just a balloon can be filled with gas can also be poured into the oil and other liquids.
6, round cushion: generally hidden design, filled with gas or oil poured into the liquid.
◆ forefoot cushion
Relatively thin, cushioning and resilience requirements smaller than the heel portion, there are two kinds of shape:
1, similar to the shape of the foot forefoot: the special design of the metatarsophalangeal joints, the rest are the same full charge of air forefoot section.
Tubular cushion: diameter small followed by air cushion, the rest were followed by a tubular cushion.
◆ waist nest cushion
Thick, since the supporting and stabilizing effect. Mostly hidden, oval, column-free design; also can be smooth-edged diamond shape, fit closely with the flank section.
Nike several different structures of the air-cushioned shoes
Nike thermoplastic polyurethane cushion, classified according to the position at the bottom:
◆ outsole air cushion sole
This is the earliest air-cushioned shoes, sports shoes outsole has a thicker structure, and to design a series of similar hexagonal honeycomb independent air chamber, can be used in the forefoot and heel. Cellular structure has already been proven to be the best geometry of nature, both high strength and light weight advantages of this type of design outsole shock absorption and lightweight outsole is of great significance.
◆ inserted parts of the design
Such cushion molded cushion is sealed inside the gas or liquid, is also the most popular design of the air-cushioned shoes. The air cushion is generally placed in the heel or forefoot. Nike's air-cushioned shoes design is inserted in the design prevailed.
◆ insole supporting the design
General air cushion embedded in the forefoot and heel insole stressed damping parts needed to cushion placed in the top or the bottom of the active insole, direct contact with the foot comfort experience.
Press the house filled with the material:
◆ air cushion
It is now used as a cushion, blow molding or trombone process combined with the specific requirements of certain pressure air cushion in different shapes, shock absorption function and energy return to function, the process is simple, wide source of gas.
◆ inert gas cushion
Inert gas in the air cushion can be placed in any part of the outsole. This is a new lightweight shock absorbing system, the buffer performance limits, thereby reducing the weight of the shoe. Because the lighter the shoes, wear in the feet more oblivious, which means that light means speed, which means comfortable. Kang Fusi launch of the All-Star Air basketball shoes is the use of helium (7 times lighter than air) cushion According to tests, this section cushion basketball shoes buffer damping effect and stabilizing effect unparalleled thermoplastic polyurethane frame and break-resistant nylon mesh vamp permeability and support superior force, thermoplastic polyurethane transparent film coupled with its unique upper material design, so that the helium cushion the new things at a glance, light, comfortable "see" saw.
◆ liquid pad
A combination similar to the air-cushion cushioning liquid inside the liquid oil or silicone fluid can be flushed needed by a sealed air chamber or several closed but communicated with each other to stingy chamber that can be used followed by a waist nest parts of damping.
◆ silicone pad
The design is similar to the liquid cushion, but replaced the silicone fluid or oil, liquid silicone ball. Silicone ball is encapsulated in a sealed flat airbag inlay is placed is inserted in the inside, made of shock-absorbing air cushion, and can be based on needs to be mounted in the heel and forefoot.
Classified as inflatable
◆ molding cushion
Such cushion is generally in the production process according to the type of use of parts and the type of material filled with gas of different pressure or different volume of liquid charged into the seal belonging to the composition, and the outsole binding. In other words, the gas pressure within the air cushion, or the volume of liquid in the air cushion after molding is fixed, the current produced by this production process applicable to different ages, different professions, gender wearing different types of groups, sports shoes.
◆ adjustable air cushion
Such cushion internal conditions can be different according to the needs of different sports and the wearer's leg portions case, the type of device location of the air cushion, the type change of the size of the contact area. Ships means on the bottom, but also for help surface member, usually a group of air-cushion can be inflated and for adjusting the internal pressure of the pneumatic valve and the discharge valve, when used as long as the tap number of pneumatic valve, or by gassing the number of valves can get a suitable air pressure, so the pace to get the best fit and comfort, can also be firmly shore up the instep and foot parts of it from sports injuries. This design was originally the Reebok company's patented design, and is currently the more popular a cushion design.
Qingdao Double Star Group through an extensive study of medicine, ergonomics, mechanics of materials and other disciplines, the use of new high-end ultra-fiber composite materials and high-elastic low-density sole materials, set to design a shoe airbag cushion and single valve other parts of the sneakers. This shoe is not only having the function of damping in its sole massage, and having the sole function of the ventilation and movement in the exchange of air inside the shoe, so that the soles of the feet can be good shock protection, the environment in good refreshing state, help to promote the health of the human body.
In accordance with the shape of cushion
◆ zoom air
Generally used for golf shoes and inline roller shoes do not really need the soles of the damping function, thin on the ground induction directly to reduce distortion feeling shoes too high off the ground. In the gas chamber, placed elasticity excellent three-dimensional nylon woven-like fabric woven very tightly high reaction pressure will immediately rebound, athletes with tight suspension guarantee, and close to the ground, provide excellent touchdown sense and sense of speed very quickly.
◆ air max
Shock absorption and thick, powerful force that athletes can share the load, also commonly used in sandals with young people jumping or walking the discomfort caused by the gravel road.
◆ turned air
Modeling on the basis of the original air max plus a number of semi-sphere, can cushion the impact from the ground, and provide an adequate level of stability, cushion as if spring-like greater flexibility to provide the most excellent shock protection. In addition, the role of the semi-sphere is a vertical up and down, more stable air cushion rebound even settled left or right, but also make your feet up and restored to its normal position, the feet move more stable .
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